二、MongoDB 单机部署

参考：Install MongoDB Community Edition (opens new window)

1. MacOS

1.1 下载 MongoDB

• 前往 MongoDB (opens new window) 下载 tar 包

  

• 解压

  tar -zxvf mongodb-macos-x86_64-4.2.15.tgz
  

• 进入 mongodb 目录

  cd mongodb-macos-x86_64-4.2.15
  

• 配置环境变量

  sudo cp bin/*  /usr/local/bin/
  

  sudo ln -s  bin/* /usr/local/bin/
  

• 创建 mongodb 所需的目录

  # 数据目录
  mkdir -p /usr/local/var/mongodb
  # 日志目录
  mkdir -p /usr/local/var/log/mongodb
  # 授权
  sudo chown 755 /usr/local/var/mongodb
  sudo chown 755 /usr/local/var/log/mongodb
  

• 启动 mongod

  mongod --dbpath /usr/local/var/mongodb --logpath /usr/local/var/log/mongodb/mongo.log --fork
  

• 查看 mongod 是否启动成功

  ps aux | grep -v grep | grep mongod
  

• 进入 mongo

  mongo
  

  输出：

  ➜  ~ mongo
  MongoDB shell version v4.2.15
  connecting to: mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017/?compressors=disabled&gssapiServiceName=mongodb
  Implicit session: session { "id" : UUID("c4854ee8-8399-4e11-b7cb-d601bb23b3ec") }
  MongoDB server version: 4.2.12
  Server has startup warnings:
  2021-08-12T11:49:07.389+0800 I  CONTROL  [initandlisten]
  2021-08-12T11:49:07.389+0800 I  CONTROL  [initandlisten] ** WARNING: Access control is not enabled for the database.
  2021-08-12T11:49:07.389+0800 I  CONTROL  [initandlisten] **          Read and write access to data and configuration is unrestricted.
  2021-08-12T11:49:07.389+0800 I  CONTROL  [initandlisten]
  ---
  Enable MongoDB's free cloud-based monitoring service, which will then receive and display
  metrics about your deployment (disk utilization, CPU, operation statistics, etc).
  
  The monitoring data will be available on a MongoDB website with a unique URL accessible to you
  and anyone you share the URL with. MongoDB may use this information to make product
  improvements and to suggest MongoDB products and deployment options to you.
  
  To enable free monitoring, run the following command: db.enableFreeMonitoring()
  To permanently disable this reminder, run the following command: db.disableFreeMonitoring()
  ---
  
  > 
  

• 进行 show dbs 查看默认库

  > show dbs
  admin   0.000GB
  config  0.000GB
  local   0.000GB
  

1.2 下载 MongoDB Compass

• 前往 MongoDB Compass (opens new window) 下载

  

• 安装

2. Linux

CentOS 7

• 安装相关依赖

  yum install libcurl openssl
  

• 下载 mongodb tar 包

  wget https://fastdl.mongodb.org/linux/mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-4.2.15.tgz
  

• 解压

  tar -zxvf mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-4.2.15.tgz
  

• 进入 mongodb 目录

  cd mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-4.2.15
  

• 配置环境变量

  sudo cp mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-4.2.15/bin/* /usr/local/bin/
  

  sudo ln -s  mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-4.2.15/bin/* /usr/local/bin/
  

• 创建 mongodb 所需的目录

  # 数据目录
  mkdir -p /usr/local/var/mongodb
  # 日志目录
  mkdir -p /usr/local/var/log/mongodb
  

• 启动 mongod

  mongod --config /usr/local/etc/mongod.conf
  

• 查看 mongod 是否启动成功

  ps aux | grep -v grep | grep mongod
  

• 进入 mongo

  mongo
  

3. Docker

下载 MongoDB：

• 下载 MongoDB 的官方 Docker 镜像

  docker pull mongo:4
  

• 查询下载的镜像

  docker images
  

• 启动 MongoDB

  docker run --name mymongo -v $HOME/mymongo/data:/data/db -p 27017:27017 -d mongo:4 --port 27017
  

  • docker run mongo:4: 以 mongo:4 为镜像启动一个 docker 容器
  • --name mymongo: 指定容器名称为 mymongo
  • -v /mymongo/data:/data/db: 挂载容器数据目录，将本地目录 /mongodb/data 挂载到容器中的 /data/db 目录
  • -p: 指定端口映射
  • -d: 后台启动容器
  • --port: 指定 MongoDB 启动端口

• 查看容器状态

  docker ps
  

• 查看日志

  docker logs mymongo
  

• 启动 mongo shell

  docker exec -it mymongo mongo
  

  docker exec -it mymongo: 以交互式启动 mymongo 容器

  mongo: 该命名会在容器中运行，启动 mongo shell

下载 MongoDB Express

• 下载 mongo-express 镜像

  docker pull mongo-express
  

• 运行 mongo-express 容器

  docker run --link mymongo:mongo -p 8081:8081 mongo-express