Docker 镜像

1. 镜像拉取

docker pull 镜像名称:镜像版本

示例：

[root@VM-12-10-centos ~]# docker pull centos
Using default tag: latest
Trying to pull repository docker.io/library/centos ... 
latest: Pulling from docker.io/library/centos
7a0437f04f83: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:5528e8b1b1719d34604c87e11dcd1c0a20bedf46e83b5632cdeac91b8c04efc1
Status: Downloaded newer image for docker.io/centos:latest

2. 查看镜像

docker images

示例：

[root@VM-12-10-centos ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY                 TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
elasticsearch              7.12.1              41dc8ea0f139        2 months ago        851 MB
docker.io/centos           latest              300e315adb2f        6 months ago        209 MB

3. 镜像搜索

docker search 镜像名

示例：

[root@VM-12-10-centos ~]# docker search nginx
INDEX       NAME                                 DESCRIPTION    STARS     OFFICIAL   AUTOMATED
docker.io   docker.io/nginx                      Official...    15034      [OK]       
docker.io   docker.io/jwilder/nginx-proxy        Automated...   2038                 [OK]
docker.io   docker.io/richarvey/nginx-php-fpm    Container...   814                  [OK]
.....
.....
.....

4. 删除镜像

docker rmi 镜像名称或 ID

示例：

[root@VM-12-10-centos ~]# docker rmi docker.io/nginx
Untagged: docker.io/nginx:latest
Untagged: docker.io/nginx@sha256:6d75c99af15565a301e48297fa2d121e15d80ad526f8369c526324f0f7ccb750
Deleted: sha256:d1a364dc548d5357f0da3268c888e1971bbdb957ee3f028fe7194f1d61c6fdee
Deleted: sha256:fcc8faba78fe8a1f75025781c8fa1841079b75b54fce8408d039f73a48b7a81b
Deleted: sha256:a476b265974ace4c857e3d88b358e848f126297a8249840c72d5f5ea1954a4bf
Deleted: sha256:56722ee1ee7e73a5c6f96ea2959fa442fb4db9f044399bcd939bb0a6eb7919dc
Deleted: sha256:c657df997c75f6c1a9c5cc683e8e34c6f29e5b4c1dee60b632d3477fd5fdd644
Deleted: sha256:e9e1f772d2a8dbbeb6a4a4dcb4f0d07ff1c432bf94fac7a2db2216837bf9ec5b
Deleted: sha256:02c055ef67f5904019f43a41ea5f099996d8e7633749b6e606c400526b2c4b33

5. 查看镜像详细信息

docker inspect 镜像名称或 ID

示例：

[root@VM-12-10-centos ~]# docker inspect docker.io/centos
[
    {
        "Id": "sha256:300e315adb2f96afe5f0b2780b87f28ae95231fe3bdd1e16b9ba606307728f55",
        "RepoTags": [
            "docker.io/centos:latest"
        ],
        "RepoDigests": [
            "docker.io/centos@sha256:5528e8b1b1719d34604c87e11dcd1c0a20bedf46e83b5632cdeac91b8c04efc1"
        ],
        "Parent": "",
        "Comment": "",
        "Created": "2020-12-08T00:22:53.076477777Z",
        "Container": "395e0bfa7301f73bc994efe15099ea56b8836c608dd32614ac5ae279976d33e4",
        "ContainerConfig": {
            "Hostname": "395e0bfa7301",
            "Domainname": "",
            "User": "",
            "AttachStdin": false,
            "AttachStdout": false,
            "AttachStderr": false,
            "Tty": false,
            "OpenStdin": false,
            "StdinOnce": false,
            "Env": [
                "PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin"
            ],
            "Cmd": [
                "/bin/sh",
                "-c",
                "#(nop) ",
                "CMD [\"/bin/bash\"]"
            ],
            "Image": "sha256:6de05bdfbf9a9d403458d10de9e088b6d93d971dd5d48d18b4b6758f4554f451",
            "Volumes": null,
            "WorkingDir": "",
            "Entrypoint": null,
            "OnBuild": null,
            "Labels": {
                "org.label-schema.build-date": "20201204",
                "org.label-schema.license": "GPLv2",
                "org.label-schema.name": "CentOS Base Image",
                "org.label-schema.schema-version": "1.0",
                "org.label-schema.vendor": "CentOS"
            }
        },
        "DockerVersion": "19.03.12",
        "Author": "",
        "Config": {
            "Hostname": "",
            "Domainname": "",
            "User": "",
            "AttachStdin": false,
            "AttachStdout": false,
            "AttachStderr": false,
            "Tty": false,
            "OpenStdin": false,
            "StdinOnce": false,
            "Env": [
                "PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin"
            ],
            "Cmd": [
                "/bin/bash"
            ],
            "Image": "sha256:6de05bdfbf9a9d403458d10de9e088b6d93d971dd5d48d18b4b6758f4554f451",
            "Volumes": null,
            "WorkingDir": "",
            "Entrypoint": null,
            "OnBuild": null,
            "Labels": {
                "org.label-schema.build-date": "20201204",
                "org.label-schema.license": "GPLv2",
                "org.label-schema.name": "CentOS Base Image",
                "org.label-schema.schema-version": "1.0",
                "org.label-schema.vendor": "CentOS"
            }
        },
        "Architecture": "amd64",
        "Os": "linux",
        "Size": 209348104,
        "VirtualSize": 209348104,
        "GraphDriver": {
            "Name": "overlay2",
            "Data": {
                "MergedDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/300b2801244e5593bb0ab3091b0f897d4854890afe9664230dec50bd425e5bac/merged",
                "UpperDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/300b2801244e5593bb0ab3091b0f897d4854890afe9664230dec50bd425e5bac/diff",
                "WorkDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/300b2801244e5593bb0ab3091b0f897d4854890afe9664230dec50bd425e5bac/work"
            }
        },
        "RootFS": {
            "Type": "layers",
            "Layers": [
                "sha256:2653d992f4ef2bfd27f94db643815aa567240c37732cae1405ad1c1309ee9859"
            ]
        }
    }
]

6. 保存镜像

保存镜像为压缩文件。

docker save -o 生成的压缩文件名 镜像名称或 ID

示例：

[root@VM-12-10-centos ~]# docker save -o centos.base.tar docker.io/centos 
[root@VM-12-10-centos ~]# ll
-rw-------  1 root       root       216535040 Jun 21 10:58 centos.base.tar

7. 载入镜像

从压缩文件载入镜像。

docker load -i 镜像压缩文件名称 镜像名称或 ID

示例：

[root@VM-12-10-centos ~]# docker load -i centos.base.tar
Loaded image: docker.io/centos:latest

8. 查看镜像大小

docker system df

示例：

[root@VM-12-10-centos ~]# docker system df
TYPE                TOTAL               ACTIVE              SIZE                RECLAIMABLE
Images              2                   1                   850.9 MB            209.3 MB (24%)
Containers          8                   0                   10.29 MB            10.29 MB (100%)
Local Volumes       0                   0                   0 B                 0 B